Ubuntu :Installing Geogebra

I tried to install GeoGebra using flatpak.Just for

experiement i installed flatpak using apt

I was greeted with follwoing error when i run command to install geogebra.

Error:

sangram@sangram-Inspiron-14-5430:~$ flatpak install flathub org.geogebra.GeoGebra

Note that the directories

'/var/lib/flatpak/exports/share'

'/home/sangram/.local/share/flatpak/exports/share'

are not in the search path set by the XDG_DATA_DIRS environment variable, so

applications installed by Flatpak may not appear on your desktop until the

session is restarted.

Looking for matches…

error: No remote refs found for ‘flathub’

Solution:

flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo

Open bashrc file:

sudo nano ~/.bashrc

Add following line into it

export XDG_DATA_DIRS=$XDG_DATA_DIRS:/var/lib/flatpak/exports/share:/home/$USER/.local/share/flatpak/exports/share

Reload bashrc

source ~/.bashrc

verify that the Flathub remote was successfully added by listing Flatpak remotes:

flatpak remotes

Output:

Name Options

flathub system

Now I was able to install using following command

flatpak install flathub org.geogebra.GeoGebra

To launch it run

flatpak run org.geogebra.GeoGebra

If you want to remove this app then run

flatpak uninstall flathub org.geogebra.GeoGebra

Confirm it is deleted by seeing list of installed app

flatpak list

Ubuntu:.Recover corrupt bashrc

Somehome you messed with .bashrc file & it

start mulfunctioning then you can just backup

and replace it with its working copy.

Usually .bashrc file located in /home/username (sangram is my username).

cd /home/sangram

Backup

cp .bashrc .bashrc_backup

Delete

rm -rf bashrc

First Way:

Now go for https://gist.github.com/marioBonales/1637696

which has default Ubuntu Bashrc file content.copy its

content and do

nano .bashrc

Then add copied content to it.Then

source .bashrc

Second Way:

copy the content of /etc/skel/.bashrc

and paste it into empty .bashrc

Now

source .bashrc

Ubuntu:Disable Laptop Internal Keyboard

 

I am using Dell Laptop my laptop internal keyboard

acting weird insense it make sound from nowhere &

causing deleteting of folders & files abruptly without

me pressing any keyboard.

Also I observed that when I am typing in some document

it start deleting content,I try to replace it from technician

but still it behaves in same way.

I decided to disable it as I have bluetooth keyboard & mouse that

can do the treak.

Here is How you can disable laptop internal keyboard in Ubuntu,

same method should work whereever their is GRUB.

Edit /etc/default/grub

sudo nano /etc/default/grub

In this opened file look for

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"

Now replace this line with following line

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash i8042.nokbd"

We need to regenerate grub.cfg so that our changes will take effect.

Run

update-grub2

Now you can reboot the laptop your Laptop Internal Keyboard will be disabled

You have not worry of your file & folders getting deleted abruptly & nor your

content of opened text in text editor will get deleted nor some weird keyboard

sound which tell some keyboard key is struck.

Ubuntu:Mounting Window 11 partition

Install Packages required to mount window partition in Ubuntu 24

sudo apt install ntfs-3g fuse3

Make Directory to mount Window Partition C

sudo mkdir -p /mnt/windows_c

Find partition to mount:

sudo fdisk -l

 

 Output:

Disk /dev/loop0: 4 KiB, 4096 bytes, 8 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop1: 55.36 MiB, 58052608 bytes, 113384 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop2: 63.7 MiB, 66789376 bytes, 130448 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop3: 74.27 MiB, 77881344 bytes, 152112 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop4: 269.77 MiB, 282873856 bytes, 552488 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop5: 73.88 MiB, 77463552 bytes, 151296 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop6: 10.72 MiB, 11239424 bytes, 21952 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop7: 91.69 MiB, 96141312 bytes, 187776 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 476.94 GiB, 512110190592 bytes, 1000215216 sectors

Disk model: PM9B1 NVMe Samsung 512GB

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disklabel type: gpt

Disk identifier: D312188E-7631-40DA-9BB4-EB29F963E1A6

Device Start End Sectors Size Type

/dev/nvme0n1p1 2048 411647 409600 200M EFI System

/dev/nvme0n1p2 411648 673791 262144 128M Microsoft reserved

/dev/nvme0n1p3 673792 504090623 503416832 240G Microsoft basic data

/dev/nvme0n1p4 504090624 954650623 450560000 214.8G Linux filesystem

/dev/nvme0n1p5 954650624 956852223 2201600 1G Windows recovery environment

/dev/nvme0n1p6 956852224 997101567 40249344 19.2G Windows recovery environment

/dev/nvme0n1p7 997103616 1000187903 3084288 1.5G Windows recovery environment

Disk /dev/loop8: 505.09 MiB, 529625088 bytes, 1034424 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop9: 11.11 MiB, 11649024 bytes, 22752 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop10: 301.45 MiB, 316096512 bytes, 617376 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop11: 38.83 MiB, 40714240 bytes, 79520 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop12: 10.54 MiB, 11051008 bytes, 21584 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop13: 500 KiB, 512000 bytes, 1000 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop14: 149.63 MiB, 156901376 bytes, 306448 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop16: 568 KiB, 581632 bytes, 1136 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop15: 1.77 MiB, 1855488 bytes, 3624 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/loop17: 150.29 MiB, 157593600 bytes, 307800 sectors

Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

We have identified C: as /dev/nvme0n1p3

sudo mount -t ntfs-3g /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt/windows_c

As this failed with following error

NTFS signature is missing.

Failed to mount '/dev/nvme0n1p3': Invalid argument

The device '/dev/nvme0n1p3' doesn't seem to have a valid NTFS.

Maybe the wrong device is used? Or the whole disk instead of a

partition (e.g. /dev/sda, not /dev/sda1)? Or the other way around?

Lets use other method:

sudo blkid

Output:

/dev/nvme0n1p4: UUID="2be2c7c1-62de-4734-8373-48e0fc083321" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="d2d1f772-7ad2-44b8-b4a6-c3651ff97179"

/dev/loop1: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/nvme0n1p7: LABEL="DELLSUPPORT" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="AA46EDC646ED92FD" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="56b859e8-8a4f-43f1-8673-39f46dc6ac4b"

/dev/nvme0n1p5: LABEL="WINRETOOLS" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="AED6479BD64762A7" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="d0944af5-6b66-4830-a766-71376d7b791b"

/dev/nvme0n1p3: TYPE="BitLocker" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="9838e955-a1ed-4bb2-b548-ff0bbfee5dea"

/dev/nvme0n1p1: LABEL_FATBOOT="ESP" LABEL="ESP" UUID="9280-D831" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI system partition" PARTUUID="5c9392f9-e8a7-4bda-a20a-9cbbc370888e"

/dev/nvme0n1p6: LABEL="Image" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="CEF647B2F647999B" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="401fff82-a681-4e84-b2a7-617f3215afd4"

/dev/loop17: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop8: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop15: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop6: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop13: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop4: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop11: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop2: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop0: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop9: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop16: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop7: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop14: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop5: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop12: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop3: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/loop10: BLOCK_SIZE="131072" TYPE="squashfs"

/dev/nvme0n1p2: PARTLABEL="Microsoft reserved partition" PARTUUID="b10249a2-2134-4fc3-ab2b-46a1239d75b8"

Install

sudo apt install dislocker

sudo mkdir /mnt/bitlocker

sudo dislocker -r -V /dev/nvme0n1p3 -- /mnt/bitlocker

The unlocked data will be accessible in the dislocker-file within /mnt/bitlocker:

sudo mount -o loop /mnt/bitlocker/dislocker-file /mnt/windows_c

Automounting Partitions at Boot:

we need to find the UUID of window partition.

Hence

sudo blkid /dev/nvme0n1p3

Output:

/dev/nvme0n1p3: TYPE="BitLocker" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="9838e955-a1ed-4bb2-b548-ff0bbfee5dea"

Edit fstab file:

sudo nano /etc/fstab

Add following at end of file:

# Mount the BitLocker partition using dislocker

UUID=9838e955-a1ed-4bb2-b548-ff0bbfee5dea /mnt/bitlocker dislocker defaults 0 0

# Mount the unlocked data

/mnt/bitlocker/dislocker-file /mnt/windows_c ntfs-3g defaults,windows_names,locale=en_US.utf8 0 0

If we prefer that partition is not mounted automatically then we need to update above to following

# Mount the BitLocker partition using dislocker, do not auto-mount

UUID=9838e955-a1ed-4bb2-b548-ff0bbfee5dea /mnt/bitlocker dislocker noauto 0 0

# Mount the unlocked data, do not auto-mount

/mnt/bitlocker/dislocker-file /mnt/windows_c ntfs-3g noauto,defaults,windows_names,locale=en_US.utf8 0 0

But then you have to manually mount & unmount it.

Manually Mounting whenever needed:

sudo dislocker -r -V /dev/nvme0n1p3 -- /mnt/bitlocker

sudo mount -o loop /mnt/bitlocker/dislocker-file /mnt/windows_c

Manually Unmounting at shutdown:

sudo umount /mnt/windows_c

sudo umount /mnt/bitlocker

I will prefer automated mounting approach.

Now I need to gracefully unmount it before shutdown automatically.

So lets have Script to Unmount Partitions

sudo nano /usr/local/bin/unmount_bitlocker.sh

Add following code into it

#!/bin/bash

# Unmount the unlocked data

umount /mnt/windows_c 2>/dev/null

# Unmount the dislocker mount

umount /mnt/bitlocker 2>/dev/null

save & exit.

Make script executable

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/unmount_bitlocker.sh

Create a service to call this script

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/unmount-bitlocker.service

Add following content to it

[Unit]

Description=Unmount BitLocker Partitions

DefaultDependencies=no

Before=shutdown.target reboot.target halt.target

[Service]

Type=oneshot

ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/unmount_bitlocker.sh

RemainAfterExit=yes

[Install]

WantedBy=halt.target reboot.target shutdown.target

Lets enable the service so it runs at shutdown.

sudo systemctl enable unmount-bitlocker.service

Now suppose you modified this service then to make it

work do following

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

sudo systemctl enable unmount-bitlocker.service

Test the Configuration: After making changes, you can test it by running:

sudo mount -a

Now, every time the system is shutting down, your script will

run and unmount the BitLocker partitions automatically & boot

time it will mount the system.

We need to test this setup by shutting down your system and

ensuring the partitions are unmounted as expected.

Automated mounting approach fails so /etc/fstab is modified as

# Mount the BitLocker partition using dislocker, do not auto-mount

UUID=9838e955-a1ed-4bb2-b548-ff0bbfee5dea /mnt/bitlocker dislocker noauto 0 0

# Mount the unlocked data, do not auto-mount

/mnt/bitlocker/dislocker-file /mnt/windows_c ntfs-3g noauto,defaults,windows_names,locale=en_US.utf8 0 0

I am creating script to run after boot:

sudo nano /usr/local/bin/mount_bitlocker.sh

Add following content to it

#!/bin/bash

# Mounting BitLocker-encrypted drive

sudo dislocker -r -V /dev/nvme0n1p3 -- /mnt/bitlocker

# Mount the dislocker file

sudo mount -o loop /mnt/bitlocker/dislocker-file /mnt/windows_c

save & exit.

Make script executable

sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/mount_bitlocker.sh

create a service

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/mount_bitlocker.service

Add Following content to service

[Unit]

Description=Mount BitLocker Encrypted Drive

After=local-fs.target

[Service]

Type=oneshot

User=root

ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/mount_bitlocker.sh

RemainAfterExit=yes

[Install]

WantedBy=multi-user.target

Save & Exit.

Enable service:

sudo systemctl enable mount_bitlocker.service

Test Script Manually

sudo /usr/local/bin/mount_bitlocker.sh

I checked this approach now its working.