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2012/04/22

Web Method Overloading


     We usually do method overloading with our normal csharp classes yet when we casually try to overload a web method we come across an error while consuming it.Today we will take this matter to logical end as we are not in hurry to complete the task.

Lets add a webservice to your website add two method to add integers as follows

[WebMethod]
    public int AddInt(int num1,int num2) {
        return num1 + num2;
    }

[WebMethod]
    public int AddInt(int num1, int num2,int num3)
    {
        return num1 + num2+ num3;
    }

Code in your aspx page should look similar to

[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
public class Math : System.Web.Services.WebService {

    public Math () {

        //Uncomment the following line if using designed components
        //InitializeComponent();
    }

    [WebMethod]
    public int AddInt(int num1,int num2) {
        return num1 + num2;
    }
    [WebMethod]
    public int AddInt(int num1, int num2,int num3)
    {
        return num1 + num2+ num3;
    }
}
Now compile code you will not get any error, make this asmx page as start page and run it you will be greeted with following error

Both Int32 AddInt(Int32, Int32, Int32) and Int32 AddInt(Int32, Int32) use the message name 'AddInt'.  Use the MessageName property of the WebMethod custom attribute to specify unique message names for the methods.


Now let’s find what went wrong

Error ask us to give different MessageName to overloaded methods lets do the same

[WebMethod(MessageName="AddTwoInts")]
    public int AddInt(int num1,int num2) {
        return num1 + num2;
    }
[WebMethod(MessageName = "AddThreeInts")]
    public int AddInt(int num1, int num2,int num3)
    {
        return num1 + num2+ num3;
    }

Modify your code to accommodate different MessageName to overloaded methods re run

Again we got some error message this time bit long

Service 'Math' does not conform to WS-I Basic Profile v1.1. Please examine each of the normative statement violations below. To turn off conformance check set the ConformanceClaims property on corresponding WebServiceBinding attribute to WsiClaims.None.
R2304: Operation name overloading in a wsdl:portType is disallowed by the Profile. A wsdl:portType in a DESCRIPTION MUST have operations with distinct values for their name attributes. Note that this requirement applies only to the wsdl:operations within a given wsdl:portType. A wsdl:portType may have wsdl:operations with names that are the same as those found in other wsdl:portTypes.
 -  Operation 'AddInt' on portType 'MathSoap' from namespace 'http://tempuri.org/'.
To make service conformant please make sure that all web methods belonging to the same binding have unique names.

After reading this bulky error message it can be concluded that finger is pointed toward following line in our code

[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]

WS-I-BASIC PROFILE 1.0 specification seems to not allowing our beloved method overloading lets not confirm to it.
Modify this line as bellow

[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.None)]

Now rerun now you should be able to consume this webservice without any error which has method overloading.

Now let’s analyze why we have to improvise our code?

    The WS-I organization (Web Services Interoperability Organization) publishes non-proprietary Web services specifications to promote the interoperability of Web services across platforms. WsiProfiles enumeration is used by the ConformsTo property of the WebServiceBindingAttribute attribute to indicate the WSI specification to which the Web service claims to conform.
     WS-I Basic Profile 1.0 specification relates to conformant use of WSDL to describe a web service. To go deep into this standard read reverences bellow.

References:

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